Conception of heterotopia——Analysis of The Gift of the Dark Earth Mother from the perspective of novel poetics
异托邦的构建——从小说诗学视域角度分析《黑暗地母的礼物》

摘要

残雪在《黑暗地母的礼物》中采取主题为核心，对纷繁复杂的人物通过关键词的概括来把捉人物的存在编码，通过关键词的改变来展现人物存在状态的流变，通过反复叙事的小说诗学手法揭示不同人物之间深层本真意义上的共通性，以求达到主题的强化。残雪通过自己的小说诗学理论，对整个文本中的具体符号进行了去历史化的抽象处理方式，从而创造了异托邦的“文学神话”这样一个全新的诗学空间。而对于作品时间，残雪通过进行形而上学化的表达，遮蔽了经验性时序（对过去的意识进行遮蔽），凸显残雪自身的指向未来的，注重可能性的时间哲学。残雪将自身的诗学凝练为表演，通过表演功能探索小说的未来存在方向，这种哲学实验小说，未必不是未来小说创作的新模式。

Abstract

In The Gift of the Dark Earth Mother, Can Xue employs a theme-centered approach, encoding the existence of complex characters through keyword summarization and revealing character transformations through changes in these keywords. Through repetitive narrative poetics, she unveils the deep, authentic commonalities between different characters to reinforce the theme. Can Xue, through her theory of novelistic poetics, applies a de-historicized abstraction to the specific symbols throughout the text, thereby creating a new poetic space of "literary mythology" as heterotopia. Regarding the work's temporality, Can Xue employs metaphysical expression to obscure experiential chronology (concealing consciousness of the past), highlighting her own future-oriented temporal philosophy that emphasizes possibility. Can Xue crystallizes her poetics into performance, exploring the future direction of the novel through performative functions. This philosophical experimental fiction may well represent a new mode of future novel writing.