摘要
郧西方言作为鄂西北地区的混合型方言，其语音系统在历史接触与人口迁移背景下呈现显著复杂性。本研究采用实验语音学方法，基于田野调查采集的6名发音人语音样本，运用Praat软件提取元音共振峰参数，通过V值归一化模型构建声学元音空间，系统考察郧西话元音格局特征及其性别差异。研究发现：（1）郧西方言元音系统整体呈现西南官话特征，与普通话的差异集中于前低元音[a]、高前元音[i]及后高元音[u]的舌位分布；（2）女性发音人在央元音[ɯ]和中元音[ɤ]上呈现舌位抬高及前化趋势，元音空间离散度较男性降低28%。研究支持郧西话作为西南官话与中原官话过渡方言的假说，同时揭示了普通话影响下方言元音系统的简化倾向。
关键词： 实验语音学；声学分析；元音格局；郧西方言；Praat
Abstract
The Yunxi dialect, a linguistically mixed variety in northwestern Hubei, demonstrates notable phonological complexity stemming from historical language contact and migration patterns. This investigation applies experimental phonetics to six native speaker recordings obtained through fieldwork, employing Praat software for formant extraction and V-value normalized acoustic vowel space construction. Systematic analysis reveals two key findings: (1) The vowel system aligns with Southwest Mandarin features while diverging from Putonghua through tongue position variations in [a], [i], and [u]; (2) Significant gender-based articulatory differences emerge, with female speakers demonstrating elevated/advanced tongue positions for central [ɯ] and mid [ɤ] vowels, coupled with 28% reduced spatial dispersion compared to males. These results substantiate Yunxi dialect's transitional status between Southwest and Central Plains Mandarin, while revealing vowel system simplification trends under Putonghua influence.
Key words： Experimental phonetics; Acoustic analysis; Vowel pattern; Yunxi dialect; Praat
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