A study on the translation of cultural load words in tourism site public signs guided by relevance theory
关联理论指导下的旅游场域公示语中文化负载词翻译研究

摘要

本研究以关联理论为指导，探讨旅游场域公示语中文化负载词的翻译方法和技巧，旨在平衡文化保真与跨文化交际效果。通过分析旅游场域的实例，分类物质、社会、典故三类文化负载词，总结音译加注、直译与意译结合等常用翻译方法。研究发现：物质词汇通过音译与类属词结合，可保留文化独特性并提升可读性；社会词汇需补充历史语境以避免概念离散；典故词汇需依据语篇地位选择音译或意译。同时，译者需兼顾源语文化特质与目标语读者认知预设，避免拼写误判或过度归化导致的文化误读。关联理论通过“紧贴源语”原则与动态调节机制，为破解“异化”与“归化”困境提供了有效路径，助力文旅产业在跨文化传播中实现文化精准传递与读者高效接受的双重目标。

Abstract

This study explores the translation methods and techniques of culturally loaded words in the public notices of tourism venues under the guidance of the correlation theory, aiming at balancing cultural fidelity and cross-cultural communication effects. Through analysing the examples of tourism venues, the study classifies three categories of culturally loaded words, namely material, social and allusion, and summarizes the common translation methods, such as phonetic translation with annotation and combination of direct translation and Italian translation. The study finds that: material words can retain cultural uniqueness and enhance readability by combining phonetics and generics; social words need to be supplemented with historical contexts to avoid conceptual disjunction; and classical words need to be translated phonetically or paraphrased according to the status of the discourse. At the same time, translators need to take into account the cultural characteristics of the source language and the cognitive presuppositions of the target language readers, so as to avoid cultural misinterpretation caused by spelling miscalculation or over-naturalisation. Through the principle of ‘keeping close to the source language’ and the dynamic adjustment mechanism, Relevance Theory provides an effective path to solve the dilemma of “alienation” and ‘naturalisation’, and helps the cultural tourism industry in cross-cultural communication to It helps the cultural tourism industry to achieve the dual goals of accurate cultural transmission and efficient acceptance by readers in cross-cultural communication.