An ecocritical approach to Lawrence’s Women in Love
生态批评视阈下劳伦斯的《恋爱中的女人》

摘要

劳伦斯的《恋爱中的女人》创作于工业革命蓬勃发展期间，先进的工业文明带给人们生活便利，科学技术迅猛发展，但与此同时科技的滥用恶化了人与自然、人与人之间的关系。该小说生动地呈现了资本主义社会发展过程中所面临的自然环境问题、社会人际关系危机与人们的精神异化。小说围绕着两对恋人—矿业巨头杰拉尔德和艺术家古德伦、督学伯金和女教师厄休拉的情感纠葛展开，反映人与自然关系、人与人之间关系、人们自我精神的疏离。本文拟在用生态批评的鲁枢元的生态三分法，通过理论阐述法、文本细读法和经验讨教法，对《恋爱中的女人》进行深入剖析，从自然生态、社会生态、精神生态三个维度，探讨小说中所蕴含的生态思想与价值观念，进而引发人们对自然、社会与精神重建的关注。

Abstract

Lawrence's Women in Love was written during the Industrial Revolution, when the advanced industrial civilization brought convenience to people's lives and the rapid development of science and technology, but at the same time, the abuse of science and technology deteriorated the relationship between human beings and nature as well as between human beings. The novel vividly presents the natural environmental problems, the crisis of social relations and the spiritual alienation of people in the process of the development of capitalist society. The novel centers on the emotional entanglements of two pairs of lovers - the mining magnate Gerald and the artist Gudrun, and the inspector Birkin and the schoolteacher Ursula, reflecting the relationship between man and nature, between man and man, and the alienation of people's self-spirit. This paper intends to use the ecological trichotomy of ecocriticism's Lu Shuyuan, through theoretical elaboration, textual close reading and empirical discussion, to analyze Women in Love in depth, and to explore the ecological thoughts and values embedded in the novel from the three dimensions of natural ecology, social ecology, and spiritual ecology, so as to arouse people's attention to the reconstruction of nature, society, and spirituality.