摘要
同声传译是一项高度复杂的语言任务，要求译员在听取源语言的同时几乎同步生成目标语言。为理解其背后的心理机制，本文以Poeppel提出的双流模型为理论基础，构建了一个用于解释翻译心理过程的“双流动态框架”。该框架强调语言感知与语言产出之间的神经通路分工：腹侧通路主要负责源语的语义理解，背侧通路则将理解结果转化为目标语的语音编码和言语输出。两条通路通过语言工作记忆和认知控制机制实现动态协作，支持译员在信息输入和输出之间进行并行加工与实时切换。本文结合神经成像与行为研究证据，系统阐述了双流机制在同传中的作用，并探讨其在翻译训练和认知研究中的潜在应用价值。该研究为翻译认知机制的神经基础提供了理论深化，也为未来多语种信息处理研究提供了参考路径。
关键词： 同声传译；双流模型；感知-运动整合；工作记忆；认知控制；神经语言学
Abstract
Simultaneous interpreting is a highly complex linguistic task that requires interpreters to listen to the source language while almost simultaneously producing the target language. To understand the underlying cognitive mechanisms, this paper builds on Poeppel’s dual-stream model and proposes a Dynamic Dual-Stream Framework to account for the psychological processes involved in translation. This framework highlights the division of labor between two neural pathways: the ventral stream, which is responsible for semantic comprehension of the source language, and the dorsal stream, which transforms the interpreted meaning into phonological encoding and speech production in the target language. These two streams operate in dynamic coordination through working memory and cognitive control mechanisms, enabling interpreters to perform parallel processing and real-time switching between input and output. Drawing on neuroimaging and behavioral evidence, this study systematically articulates the neural basis of simultaneous interpretation and discusses its implications for translator training and cognitive research. The proposed model offers a refined theoretical perspective on the neurocognitive mechanisms of translation and contributes to the broader understanding of multilingual information processing.
Key words： Simultaneous interpreting; Dual-stream model; Sensorimotor integration; Working memory; Cognitive control; Neurolinguistics
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