Reform and practice of probability and statistics course teaching model under the perspective of new engineering education
新工科视域下概率统计课程教学模式改革与实践

摘要

在新工科建设深入推进的时代背景下，传统《概率论与数理统计》课程面临着知识传授与能力培养脱节、理论教学与工程应用分离、封闭课堂与开放创新对立的现实困境。本文针对当前课程在统计思维建立、实际问题解决及育人成效方面的不足，提出基于认知心理学“命题-实践-成长”的三层次教学理念，构建了面向新工科需求的渐进式教学框架。该框架包括命题逻辑教学的情景化六步法、课堂案例教学的三阶递进法以及学科交叉拓展的六步项目法。通过湖北省一流课程平台实施改革，实现了从知识课堂向能力课堂、灌输课堂向实践课堂、封闭课堂向开放课堂的三大转变。教学实践表明，该模式有效提升了学生的概率统计思维、工程建模能力和创新素养，为新工科人才培养提供了可借鉴的课程改革路径。

Abstract

In the context of the in-depth advancement of the construction of new engineering education, the traditional course "Probability Theory and Mathematical Statistics" faces the practical dilemma of a disconnect between knowledge transmission and ability cultivation, separation between theoretical teaching and engineering application, and opposition between closed classrooms and open innovation. This paper addresses the shortcomings of the current course in establishing statistical thinking, solving practical problems, and improving educational effectiveness. Based on the three-level teaching concept of "proposition-practice-growth" in cognitive psychology, a progressive teaching framework oriented towards the needs of new engineering education is proposed. This framework includes a six-step contextualized method for propositional logic teaching, a three-stage progressive method for classroom case teaching, and a six-step project method for interdisciplinary expansion. Through the implementation of the reform on the Hubei Provincial First-Class Course Platform, three major transformations have been achieved: from a knowledge-based classroom to an ability-based classroom, from a didactic classroom to a practical classroom, and from a closed classroom to an open classroom. Teaching practice shows that this model effectively improves students' probabilistic and statistical thinking, engineering modeling ability, and innovative literacy, providing a referable path for curriculum reform in the cultivation of new engineering talents.