摘要
社会参与是积极老龄化战略的核心支柱，老年人社会参与的角色意愿直接影响其参与行为持续性与健康效益获取。本文系统梳理相关研究，明晰老年人社会参与角色意愿的概念内涵、现状特征、类型分化及影响因素，并阐释其理论解释框架。研究发现，我国老年人社会参与呈“高意愿、低参与”特征，角色意愿可分为四类，受个体、心理、社会及数字技术多因素影响。现有研究在“意愿—行为”转化机制、本土化测评工具开发上尚存不足。未来应开发契合中国文化的评估工具，揭示意愿演变规律，探索精准干预策略，推动老年人社会参与从“被参与”向“愿参与”转变。
关键词： 积极老龄化；老年人；社会参与；角色意愿；研究综述
Abstract
Social participation is a core pillar of active aging, and older adults' role willingness directly influences the sustainability of participation and health outcomes. This paper systematically reviews the conceptual connotation, characteristics, types and influencing factors of role willingness in older adults' social participation, and explains its theoretical framework. Studies show that Chinese older adults are characterized by “high willingness but low participation”. Role willingness can be divided into four categories, affected by individual, psychological, social and digital technology factors. Deficiencies remain in the transformation mechanism of “willingness-behavior” and the development of localized assessment tools. In the future, we should develop culturally appropriate tools, reveal the evolution law of willingness, explore precise interventions, and promote the transformation from passive participation to voluntary participation.
Key words： Active aging; Older adults; Social participation; Role willingness; Literature review
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