摘要
新能源汽车补贴的政策工具组合助推了产业的可持续转型，并根据技术产业化发展过程的特点不断动态调整相关政策工具。基于新能源汽车补贴政策的演化特征将其划分为研发补贴、市场补贴与补贴退坡三大阶段，并利用计量分析工具对补贴政策工具的主要类型、政策目标与作用机理进行对比分析，进而提出根据新能源汽车创新生态发展状况匹配适宜政策工具，并对政策工具的效用进行跟踪与评价，在保持政策工具连续性和稳定性的基础上，动态调整和优化政策工具的类型和力度，发挥政策工具组合最大功能效用的政策建议。
关键词： 新能源汽车；补贴政策；演化特征；政策工具
Abstract
The policy tool combination of new energy vehicle subsidy promotes the sustainable transformation of the industry, and continuously adjusts the relevant policy tools according to the characteristics of the development process of technology industrialization. Based on the evolution characteristics of new energy vehicle subsidy policy, the process can be divided into three stages: R&D subsidy, market subsidy and subsidy decline. The main types, policy objectives and mechanism of subsidy policy tools are compared and analyzed by using econometric analysis tools. Then, it is proposed to match the appropriate policy tools according to the innovative ecological development status of new energy vehicles, while tracking and evaluating the effectiveness of policy tools. On the basis of maintaining the continuity and stability of policy instruments, the paper proposes to dynamically adjust and optimize the types and strength of policy tools, so as to give full play to the maximum function and effectiveness of the combination of policy tools.
Key words： New Energy Vehicles; Subsidy Policy; Evolutionary Characteristics; Policy Tools
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