The challenge and reconstruction of traditional criminal law causal relationship theory by Artificial Intelligence
人工智能对传统刑法因果关系理论的挑战与重构

摘要

人工智能技术的快速应用使刑法因果关系判断面临全新困境，传统理论以“人的主观罪过支配下的实行行为”为核心构建的因果关系与结果归属体系，在智能算法自主决策、多主体介入的场景中出现适用障碍。本文剖析人工智能对传统理论中实行行为定型性、因果流程认定、结果归属规则的三重挑战，依托我国刑法立法与司法实践，提出以重构路径，明确人工智能场景下因果关系判断的层级规则与责任归属边界，为司法实践提供理论参考。

Abstract

The rapid application of artificial intelligence technology has presented new challenges to the judgment of criminal law causal relationship. The causal relationship and result attribution system constructed by traditional theories based on "the act performed under the subjective fault of the person" has encountered application obstacles in scenarios where intelligent algorithms make autonomous decisions and multiple entities are involved. This paper analyzes the threefold challenges of artificial intelligence to the traditional theory regarding the stereotypical nature of the act, the determination of causal process, and the rules of result attribution. Relying on China's criminal law legislation and judicial practice, it proposes a reconstruction approach to clarify the hierarchical rules and responsibility attribution boundaries for causal relationship judgment in artificial intelligence scenarios, providing theoretical references for judicial practice.